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Automotive Locksmith Glossary

Technical terms for automotive locksmiths

Showing 50 of 50 terms

Basic Concepts

IMMO / Immobilizer

Electronic system that blocks engine start if the key is not recognized.

Transponder

Passive chip inside the key that responds with a secret code when energized by the antenna. No battery.

Transponder Antenna

Coil that reads the key chip. Also called 'coil' or 'ring antenna'.

OBD / OBD-II

Standard diagnostic port (16 pins) where programming tools connect.

AKL (All Keys Lost)

Critical situation: no working keys remain. Requires special procedures.

Key Learning / Adaptation

Process of teaching the car to recognize a new key.

Transponders & Chips

ID46 / PCF7936

Very common crypto transponder. Clonable with common tools.

πŸš—Renault, Peugeot, Chrysler, older Hyundai/Kia

ID48 / Megamos Crypto

Classic VAG transponder. Some versions clonable, others not.

πŸš—VW/Audi/Seat/Skoda 2000-2015

ID88 / MQB48

Modern transponder with AES encryption. NOT clonable, only programmable with valid data.

πŸš—VAG MQB 2013+

ID47 / Hitag 3

Modern Honda/Acura transponder. Online programming required.

πŸš—Honda/Acura 2014+

ID49 / Hitag Pro

Modern Ford/Mazda/Lincoln chip. Requires PATS procedure.

πŸš—Ford 2015+, Mazda 2013+

ID4A (Toyota H)

Toyota chip with DST-AES encryption. Very secure.

πŸš—Toyota/Lexus 2013+

4D60 (40-bit)

Basic Texas Crypto chip. Clonable.

4D63 (40-bit)

Old Ford/Mazda chip. Clonable.

πŸš—Ford/Mazda 2005-2011

4D63 (80-bit)

More secure version of 4D63. Requires programming, not directly clonable.

πŸš—Ford/Mazda 2011-2018

Encryption Technologies

Fixed Code

The transponder always sends the same code. Easy to clone but insecure.

Rolling Code

The code changes with each use following an algorithm. More secure than fixed code.

AES

Advanced Encryption Standard - modern 128-bit encryption. Impossible to break by brute force.

DST40

40-bit Digital Signature Transponder encryption. Medium security.

πŸš—Older Toyota/Lexus

DST80

Improved 80-bit version. More secure than DST40.

πŸš—Newer Toyota/Lexus

Keeloq

Very common rolling code algorithm in remote controls.

Cloning vs Generation

Clone

Copy the exact code from one chip to another. The car sees both keys as identical.

Generate

Create a new valid code for the car. The chip is added as an additional key.

Emulate

A universal chip mimics the behavior of another chip.

Precoding

Prepare a virgin chip with specific data before programming it to the car.

Codes & Security

PIN Code

Secret 4-7 digit code needed to program keys.

CS (Component Security)

20-24 character code used in modern VAG. More complex than a PIN.

SKC (Secret Key Code)

Old VW term for the programming code.

Incode / Outcode

Ford PATS system: outcode comes from the car, incode is calculated to program.

Seed/Key

Challenge-response: the car gives a 'seed', the tool calculates the 'key'.

Key Types

Dealer Key / OEM Key

Original factory/dealership key. Most compatible and secure.

Virgin Key

New unprogrammed key. The chip can accept programming.

Guest Key

Reduced permissions. Can be lent without giving full access.

Master Key

Main key with all permissions. Can program other keys.

Valet Key

Limited key: doesn't open glove box, trunk, or has speed limit.

Smart Key / Keyless

Intelligent key that doesn't insert. RF communication, push-button start.

Flip Key

Key with folding blade.

Modules & Electronics

BCM (Body Control Module)

Body control module. Sometimes handles the immobilizer.

ECU / ECM

Engine Control Unit - engine brain. Stores part of immobilizer data.

Gateway

Central module that filters CAN communication. Can block unauthorized programming.

EEPROM

Non-volatile memory where critical data is stored (CS, PIN, immo data).

CAN Bus

Main communication network between vehicle modules.

VAG Platforms

MQB

VW modular platform since ~2012. Highly protected immobilizer.

πŸš—Golf 7, A3 8V, Octavia 5E

SFD

VW online diagnostic protection. Requires certification and online ODIS access.

Sync Data

Special data needed to program ID88/MQB48 with aftermarket keys.

Kessy

Keyless Entry Start System - VAG commercial name for proximity system.

Key Cutting Terms

Bitting / Cut Code

Number sequence that defines the cut depths of the key.

Keyblank

Uncut key with the correct keyway for the vehicle.

Tools

Lishi Tool

2-in-1 tool to open and decode car locks.

VVDI / Xhorse

Popular brand of tools and aftermarket keys.